Air injector for internal combustion engines



May 9, 1939. A. J. LoEBs AIR INJECTOR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINESFiled June 28, 1953 flJ/LoebJ.

7 3 i a 5 M 4 E 7 3 0 4 y.

z wi a g Patented May 9, 1939 PATENT OFFICE AIR INJECTOR FOR INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINES Albert J. Locbs, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to AlbertG. Loebs, Jr., Forest Hills, N. Y.

Application June 28, 1933, Serial No. 678,081

6 Claims.

This invention relates to an improved air injector for internalcombustion engines.

The invention seeks, among other objects, to provide a device of thischaracter which will be mounted between the intake manifold and thecarbureter of an engine and which will be automatically operable by thevacuum created in the intake manifold for permitting the flow of air toenter said manifold when the motor is revolving at a high speed so thata maximum efficiency may be had from the motor with the use of a minimumamount of fuel.

Another object of the invention is to provide an air injector which willbe operable only at certain speeds so that the motor will be permittedto start and to idle in the normal manner.

A further object of the invention is to provide an air injector whichmay be installed with the utmost ease upon practically any internal 2ocombustion engine.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of thischaracter which may be adjusted for responsiveness to different speeds.

And a still further object of the invention is to provide an airinjector which will be characterized by the utmost simplicity andefficiency.

Other objects of the invention, not set forth in the foregoing, willrender themselves apparent asthe description of the invention proceeds.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein,

Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view showing my improved airinjector, and

Figure 2 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view'taken on the line 2-2of Figure 1 and showing the air injector as it would appear mounted inan operative position.

Referring now more particularly to the accompanying drawing wherein likenumerals of reference designate like parts throughout the several views,the numeral l indicates the body portion of my improved air injector.The .body portion is formed of cast metal and is adapted to seat betweenthe intake manifold and the carbureter, as shown in Figure 2 of thedrawing, the carbureter being indicated by the numeral 2 and the intakemanifold being shown at 3. Suitable gaskets 4 are placed on the endfaces of the body portion so that danger of leakage about the jointswill be prevented. The body portion is provided with a large circularopening 5 centrally thereof which is adapted to permit the passage ofvapor into the intake manifold. Formed integrally with the body portion,at one side thereof, is, a cylinder 6 which is substantially octagonalat its outer surface. The cylinder is disposed laterally with respect tothe body portion and is provided at each end with internal screwthreads 1. Connecting the cylinder, near one end, and the opening 5, isa bore 8. Mounted in the bore 8 and extending substantially radiallywithin the opening 5 is a curved, preferably copper, inlet tube 9.

As best seen in Figure 2 of the drawing, the inlet tube is curved towardthe intake manifold. 10 Slidable in the cylinder 6 is a plunger, orpiston Hi. The piston is provided with a stem H which is reduced at itsmid-portion, as shown at l2, and is externally threaded at its outer endportion. The stem is adapted to project from the 5 cylinder axiallythereof and, as shown in Figure 1, the stem is located at the end of thecylinder having the bore 8 therein. The piston is formed with acounterbore l3 and carried in the counterbore is a spring M which isreduced in diameter 20 at one end to define a sleeve [5. Screwed intothe cylinder at one end is a cap which is indicated in general by thenumeral IS. The cap is provided with air inlet ports I1 and a centralboss l8. Screwed through the cap is an adjusting bolt l9 and carried onthe bolt is a lock nut 2D. The end of the bolt I9 is reduced and iscarried in the sleeve I5 of the spring l4. Closing the cylinder at itsopposite end is a cap 2| which is provided with a relatively large airinlet pas- 30 sage 22 extending axially thereof and receiving thereduced portion l2 of the stem freely therethrough. The cap is providedat its inner end with a recess defining a shoulder 23. Carried withinthe cylinder and extending between the shoulder 23 and the outercircumferential portion of the piston is a controlling spring 24 whichnormally urges the piston against the cap l6 against the tension of thespring I4 which is of slightly less strength. Carried on the reduced 40portion 12 is a relatively large closure washer 25 and overlying theclosure washer is a securing nut 26. The washer 25 is adapted to overliethe edges defining the passage 22 so that the passa'ge will, undernormal conditions, remain 45 closed.

In use, after the device has been installed and the engine is started,said engine will be permitted to idle in its normal manner for thereason that the amount of vapor passing through 50 the intake manifoldwill not be sufficient to have any effect on the pipe 9 so that no airadditional to that supplied by the carbureter itself will enter thecylinder. However, when the throttle is opened, the inrush of vapor intothe intake mani- 55 mitted to shift in the cylinder by virtue of thefact that the cap I6 is provided with an opening l'l.

When it is desired to adjust the responsiveness of the piston, the bolt19 may be shifted for tightening the spring l4 and, at the same time, ifdesired, the nut 26 may be screwed on the reduced portion I2 so that thepiston will be responsive to a less amount of vacuum. For a greateramount of vacuum, it is only necessary to reverse the procedure aboveoutlined. It will be seen that the use of my device will permit theinflow of air into the intake manifold at high speeds so that a greaterefiiciency in combustion will be obtained with the result that more,

power will be obtained from a less amount of fuel.

It is emphasized that the device will not interfere with the starting ofthe engine and, will not affect the running of the motor at idling speedso that the efficiency of the motor will be materially increased at highspeeds and will not be diminished in any way at low speeds.

It is believed that a reading of the foregoing description will disclosethat I have provided a device of this character which is characterizedby the highest efilciency and greatest utilityfand which may bemanufactured cheaply on a large scale.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A device of the class described including a body portion having anopeningand adapted for disposal between the carbureter and intakemanifold of an internal combustion engine, a cylinder carried by thebody portion, a bore leading from said cylinder to said opening, a tubecarried by the bore and curved in the direction of flow through theopening, a piston carried in the cylinder and having a stem, capsclosing the cylinder at both ends, one of said caps surrounding the stemand being provided with an air inlet passage, a closure Washer carriedon the stem, a spring carried on the piston between saidlatter-mentioned cap and said piston and normally retaining said pistonin a position with the closure washer closing the air inlet passage, anda nut carried on the stem and overlying the closure washer for retainingsaid washer on said stem, the vacuum created by gas passing the tubebeing adapted for shifting the piston within the cylinder and shiftingthe washer whereby a flow of air will bepermitted to pass through theair inlet passage into the cylinder.

2. A device of the class described including a body portion adapted fordisposal between the carbureter and the intake manifold of an internalcombustion engine, said body portion having an opening, a cylindercarried by the body portion, a bore leading from the cylinder to saidopening, a pipe carried by the bore and being curved in the direction offlow through the opening, a piston slidable in the cylinder, a stemcarried by the piston and having a reduced portion extending axially ofthe cylinder and projecting therefrom, caps closing the cylinder at bothends,

one of said caps having an air inlet passage, a closure washer carriedby the reduced portion of the stem, a spring carried within the cylinderbetween said piston and said latter-mentioned cap and normally retainingthe piston against the cap at the opposite end of the cylinder, and anut carried on the reduced portion and limiting said closure washeragainst displacement from the reduced portion,-the vacuum. created byflow of vapor past the pipe being adapted for shifting the cylinder andfreeing the closure washer from the air inlet passage whereby a flow ofair will be permitted to pass into the opening of said body portion.

3. A device of the class described including a body portion having anopening, a cylinder carried by the body portion, a piston slidablewithin the cylinder and having a stem and a counterbore, caps closingthe cylinder at both ends, one of said caps being provided with an airinlet passage and the other of said caps being provided with inletports, a bolt extending through said second-mentioned cap, a springcarried within the counterbore and engageable with the end of the bolt,a closure washer carriedby the stem and adapted for closing the airinlet passage, a controlling spring carried between1 the piston and saidfirst-mentioned cap and adapted for normally retaining the pistonagainst said second-mentioned cap, and a tube carried by the bore andbeing curved in the direction of flow through the opening of the bodyportion, the vacuum created by the passage of gas through the openingpast the tube serving to shift the piston and the closure washer againstthe tension of the controlling spring for permitting a flow of air intothe body portion, said controlling spring returning the piston andWasher to closed position upon the cessation of flow through theopening.

4. A device of the class described including a body portion adapted tobe positioned between the carbureter and the intake manifold of aninternal combustion engine, said body portion having a cylinder and anopening, a bore leading from the wall of the cylinder near one end tosaid opening, a piston carried in the cylinder and having a counterboreand a stem, a spring carried in the counterbore, caps closing thecylinder at both ends, means carried by one of said caps for regulatingthe tension oflithe) spring, a closure washer carried by the stem andoverlying the other of said caps, a nut carried by the stern, acontrolling spring carried within the cylinder about the stem andnormally urging the piston against said first-mentioned cap, said nutbeing adapted for regulating the tension of said second-mentionedspring, and 'a tube carried by the bore and extending in the directionof flow through the opening in the body portion, the vacuum in the tubebeing adapted for drawing the piston against the tension of thecontrolling spring and freeing the closure washer for permitting a flowof air'into the opening of the body portion.

5. A device of the class described including a body portion adapted tobe secured between a carburetor and intake manifold and having anopening to establish communication between the carburetor and manifold,a cylinder carried by said body portion and open at both ends, a pistonin the cylinder, caps closing the cylinder at both ends, a boreconnecting one end'portion of the cylinder with the opening in the bodyportion, the cap closing the adjacent end of the cylinder being formedwith an air passage, means carried on the piston and engageable with thelast mentioned cap for controlling the flow of air through the cylinderand the bore into said opening, a spring yieldably resisting movement ofthe piston in a direction to open the air passage, and means forregulating movement of the piston including a spring of less strengththan the first spring.

6. A device of the class described including a body portion having anopening, a cylinder having an intake passage at one end, a pistonslidable in the cylinder and having a stem and means mounted thereon forclosing the intake passage, said cylinder having one end portioncommunicating with the opening of the body, a spring operating againstone end of the piston for normally retaining the closure means inclosing relation to the intake passage, said piston being shiitablelongitudinally in an opening direction for opening said closure means bythe vacuum created by gas passing through the opening in the bodyportion, a spring of less strength than the first mentioned springengaging said piston and opposing movement of the piston by the firstspring, and means for regulating tension of the last mentioned spring.

ALBERT J. LOEBS.

